El Niño effects are communicated to the Indian Ocean via both large‐scale atmospheric circulation changes over the southern tropical ocean basin and via disturbances to sea‐levels along the coast of Western Australia. CLEX researchers investigated these remote ENSO influences in a state‐of‐the‐art climate model.
The most intense and destructive tropical cyclones generally go through a period of rapid intensification, where "rapid" means that the near-surface winds increase by more than 15 m/s (54km/hr) in 24 hrs. However, the physical processes by which storms rapidly intensify are not well understood. This study uses very high-resolution simulations with the UK Met Office Unified Model of the 2016 north-Pacific tropical cyclone, Nepartak, to explore the processes responsible for its rapid intensification.
The largest rivers on Earth are not on the ground, but in the sky. Our new study, published in Environmental Research Letters, showed that nine out of ten of the most expensive floods in New Zealand (2007-2017) occurred during an Atmospheric River event, and seven to all ten of the top ten most extreme rainfall events at eleven different locations occurred during Atmospheric Rivers.
CLEX researchers and colleagues quantified the air quality impact of the Black Summer bushfires of 2019/20 and COVID-19 in the south-eastern states of Victoria and New South Wales (NSW) using a meteorological normalisation approach.
The majority of heatwaves affecting south-eastern Australia are part of large and strong weather systems propagating across Australia, and not due to stationary or blocked weather systems as seen in some other regions of the world.
Storms cause ripples in the wind that travel upwards and away from the clouds, much like a stone causes ripples when it is thrown in a pond. These can then affect the temperature and winds around the storms and make them grow, last longer, or die earlier.
CLEX researchers introduced a novel methodology to examine the Southern Ocean's response to changing winds. They performed numerical simulations with a global ocean‐sea ice model suite that spans a hierarchy of spatial resolutions and driven by realistic atmospheric forcing conditions.
An international team of authors led by NCAR scientist and CLEX PI Jerry Meehl, along with CLEX CIs and AIs, propose that the Pacific and Atlantic ocean basins are mutually interactive, with each basin influencing and responding to processes in the other basin.
Using atmospheric model experiments, researchers have shown that the warming of the tropical Indian Ocean relative to the other two tropical ocean basins can effectively control Walker Circulation changes in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans and influence climate far beyond the Indian Ocean region.